Prior to January 1, 2016, the UK’s laws regarding electric bikes, commonly known as Pedalecs, were distinctly different from those in Europe. However, this changed at the start of 2016 when UK regulations were aligned with European standards. One significant alteration was the new legal status of “Twist and Go” throttles, which previously allowed e-bikes to reach speeds of up to 15mph without pedalling. Post-harmonisation, this feature became illegal.
Since the harmonisation, Pedalecs in the UK are legally allowed to travel at a maximum speed of 4mph (6kph) without pedalling. This is widely referred to as the “Walk Start” mechanism, a feature present in most e-bike brands across the UK and EU. The throttle provides an initial boost, but once you exceed 4mph through pedalling, it disengages, and the pedal-assist system takes over.
Notably, the flat terrains of countries like the Netherlands have readily adapted to this change. However, several brands, particularly those marketed in the UK within the EU, have chosen a different interpretation. These bikes allow the throttle to function up to 15mph (25kph), provided the rider is pedalling and actively using the throttle. If pedalling ceases, the motor disengages, reducing the speed to 4mph unless going downhill, where the “Walk Start” kicks in again.
An important distinction arises when an e-bike can be propelled over 4mph without pedalling. In such cases, it falls under the category of a “Low Powered Moped,” where the “Twist and Go Throttle” is legal. However, these vehicles require additional features like integrated lights and mudguards, and must be type-approved by VOSA.
Throttle functions differ across models. Some limit their power to the level of pedal assist selected on the handlebar display. For example, if you’re in a mode that assists up to 10mph, the throttle will only boost you to that speed. In contrast, other models override the pedal assist setting when the throttle is fully engaged, allowing acceleration up to 15pmh.
On models like the Hikobike Scout or Enduro, engaging the throttle over 4mph turns off the torque sensor and engages full power, enabling effortless acceleration to 15.5mph.
Throttles are not just about speed; they offer periodic relief during rides. However, even on 48V models, riders need to exert effort on hills and use gears to assist the motor, ensuring a balanced and safe cycling experience.
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